{"id":1737,"date":"2015-06-01T15:11:00","date_gmt":"2015-06-01T20:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/como-importar-claves-pgp-de-paquetes-rpm\/"},"modified":"2015-06-01T15:11:00","modified_gmt":"2015-06-01T20:11:00","slug":"como-importar-claves-pgp-de-paquetes-rpm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/como-importar-claves-pgp-de-paquetes-rpm\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo importar claves PGP de paquetes RPM"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-w2Jc5yeIE_Y\/VWvJWZLZ34I\/AAAAAAAAAyU\/PeeipmNSG8Y\/s1600\/application-pgp.png\" style=\"margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"><img decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-w2Jc5yeIE_Y\/VWvJWZLZ34I\/AAAAAAAAAyU\/PeeipmNSG8Y\/s1600\/application-pgp.png\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<p><b><span style=\"color: black;\">\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 es necesario comprobar la clave p\u00fablica de un RPM?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span>La firma<\/span> <span>confirma que<\/span> <span>el paquete<\/span> <span>fue firmado por<\/span> <span>una parte autorizada<\/span> <span>y<\/span><span> tambi\u00e9n<\/span> <span>confirmar la integridad<\/span> <span>y el origen de<\/span> <span>su archivo<\/span>. <span>Es extremadamente importante<\/span><span> verificar la firma<\/span> <span>de los<\/span> <span>archivos RPM<\/span> <span>antes de instalarlos<\/span> <span>para asegurar que<\/span><span> que no han<\/span> <span>sido alteradas<\/span> <span>de la fuente original<\/span> <span>de los paquetes<\/span>.<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span lang=\"es\"><span style=\"color: black;\"><b><span>Verificando la firma de un<\/span> <span>paquete<\/span><\/b><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span>El<\/span> comando <span>&#8211;checksig<\/span> <span>(o<\/span> <span>-K<\/span>) <span>checa todas<\/span> <span>opciones<\/span> <span>de<\/span> <span>los res\u00famenes<\/span> <span>y las firmas<\/span> <span>que figuran<\/span><span> en<\/span> el <span>paquete<\/span> <span>para asegurar la integridad<\/span> <span>y origen del<\/span> <span>del mismo.<\/span><br \/><span>Si desea<\/span> <span>verificar que<\/span> <span>un paquete<\/span> <span>no ha<\/span> <span>sido<\/span> <span>da\u00f1ado o alterado<\/span>,<span> examinar \u00fanicamente<\/span> <span>la suma md5<\/span> <span>tecleando<\/span> <span>el siguiente comando:<\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<pre style=\"background: none no-repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: &quot;Droid Sans Mono&quot;,Consolas,monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px; margin: 8px 15px; opacity: 0.85; padding: 9.5px; text-align: start; text-shadow: none; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;\"><span style=\"color: white;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span>rpm<\/span> <span>-K<\/span> <span>--nosignature<\/span> <span>&lt;<\/span>paquete-rpm&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\">Al finalizar el comando, debe mostrar un mensaje confirmaci\u00f3n que todo est\u00e1 bien, por ejemplo un OK, o Todo est\u00e1 bien<span><\/span>. <span>Esto<\/span><span><\/span><span> mensaje significa<\/span><span> que el archivo no<\/span> <span>fue corrompido por<\/span> <span>la descarga.<\/span> <span>Para ver<\/span> <span>un mensaje m\u00e1s<\/span> <span>detallado,<\/span><span> reemplace<\/span> <span>-K<\/span> <span>por -Kvv<\/span> <span>en el comando.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\"><span>Por otro lado<\/span>, <span>qu\u00e9 tan confiable<\/span> <span>es el<\/span> <span>desarrollador que<\/span> <span>cre\u00f3 el paquete<\/span>? <span>si<\/span><br \/> <span>el paquete<\/span> <span>est\u00e1 firmado<\/span> <span>con la clave<\/span> <span>GnuPG<\/span> <span>del desarrollador,<\/span> <span>usted sabe<\/span> <span>que el desarrollador<\/span><br \/> <span>realmente<\/span> <span>es<\/span> <span>quien<\/span> <span>dice ser<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><span>Un<\/span> <span>paquete RPM<\/span> <span>se puede firmar<\/span> <span>usando<\/span> <span>Gnu<\/span> <span>Privacy Guard<\/span> <span>(o<\/span> <span>GnuPG<\/span>), <span>para ayudarle a<\/span><span> asegurarse de que su<\/span> <span>paquete descargado<\/span> <span>es de confianza.<\/span> <span>GnuPG es<\/span> <span>una herramienta para una<\/span><span><\/span><span> comunicaci\u00f3n segura;<\/span> <span>es<\/span> <span>un reemplazo completo<\/span> <span>y gratuito para<\/span> <span>el cifrado<\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span> <span>de<\/span> <span>PGP<\/span>, <span>un programa<\/span> <span>electr\u00f3nico de<\/span> <span>privacidad<\/span>.<span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\"><span>Con<\/span> <span>GnuPG<\/span>, puede <span>autenticar la <\/span><span>validez de los documentos<\/span> <span>y<\/span> <span>encriptar<\/span><span>\/<\/span><span>desencriptar<\/span> <span>datos desde y hacia<\/span> <span>otros destinatarios.<\/span><span> GnuPG<\/span> <span>es capaz de<\/span> <span>descifrar y verificar<\/span> <span>archivos<\/span> <span>PGP<\/span> <span>5.x<\/span> <span>tambi\u00e9n.<\/span><br \/><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\"><span>Durante la instalaci\u00f3n de un paquete,<\/span> <span>GnuPG<\/span> <span>se instala por defecto<\/span>. <span>De esa manera usted<\/span> <span>puede<\/span> <span>inmediatamente<\/span><span> empezar a utilizar<\/span> <span>GnuPG<\/span> <span>para verificar<\/span> <span>cualquier paquete<\/span> <span>que reciba de<\/span> <span>CentOS<\/span> <span>(<\/span>RHEL<span>\/<\/span><span>Fedor<\/span><span>a)<\/span>. <span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\"><span>Antes de hacerlo<\/span>, debe importar <span>primero<\/span> <span>la clave p\u00fablica<\/span> del paquete. Para importar una clave, se usa el comando siguiente:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<pre style=\"background: none no-repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: &quot;Droid Sans Mono&quot;,Consolas,monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px; margin: 8px 15px; opacity: 0.85; padding: 9.5px; text-align: start; text-shadow: none; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;\"><span style=\"color: white;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">rpm -qa gpg-pubkey*<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\">B\u00e1sicamente, para importar la clave de un paquete, se usa:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<pre style=\"background: none no-repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: &quot;Droid Sans Mono&quot;,Consolas,monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px; margin: 8px 15px; opacity: 0.85; padding: 9.5px; text-align: start; text-shadow: none; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-word;\"><span style=\"color: white;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">rpm --import http:\/\/mirror.centos.org\/centos\/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5<\/span><\/span><\/pre>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\">Y eso es todo, para realizar la comprobaci\u00f3n de un paquete a grandes rasgos.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"es\"><span><span lang=\"es\"><\/span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 es necesario comprobar la clave p\u00fablica de un RPM? La firma confirma que el paquete fue firmado por una parte autorizada y tambi\u00e9n confirmar la integridad y el origen de su archivo. Es extremadamente importante verificar la firma de los archivos RPM antes de instalarlos para asegurar que que no han sido alteradas [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1167,7,1169,1170,1172,1173,1171,59,1168],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-claves-de-paquetes-rpm","category-fedora","category-import","category-import-key-pgpg","category-importar-claves","category-pgp","category-pgp-key","category-rpm","category-rpm-import-key"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1737"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1737\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linuxitos.com\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}